{"id":30614,"date":"2022-01-13T12:33:26","date_gmt":"2022-01-13T10:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/?p=30614"},"modified":"2022-01-13T12:33:50","modified_gmt":"2022-01-13T10:33:50","slug":"covid-19-ww2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/covid-19-ww2\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 has killed more Bulgarians than  World War II. Why do so many people still fail to see the threat?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"padding-left: 6px;\">By Ivan Radev<\/h3>\n<blockquote class=\"td_quote_box td_box_center\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ivan-Radev.jpg\" alt=\"\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432\" width=\"76\" height=\"88\" \/>Ivan Radev is a journalist with more than ten years of experience working for Bulgarian and foreign media. He has worked as a correspondent of Romanian news agency Agerpres. He is a board member of the Association of European Journalists in Bulgaria.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\nAccording to<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/coronavirus.bg\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">official statistics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the number of proven, registered fatal outcomes following a coronavirus infection now exceeds 18,000 cases in Bulgaria. The actual number of fatalities, without a doubt, is higher because many people have died without ever getting tested for the disease. A metric called \u201cexcess mortality&#8221; indicates that this is the case, and Bulgaria is one of the world\u2019s leaders when it comes to excess deaths per capita. Between April 2020 and April 2021, registered deaths were about<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/graphic-detail\/coronavirus-excess-deaths-tracker\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30,000 more<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> than in the past few years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is well known that numbers, no matter how high they are, do not have an emotional impact on us. We perceive them as just another statistic unless we can relate them to something we know. Unless we realise that what lies behind these high numbers are the lives of people we knew or who were close to us. Alternatively, we could put numbers into perspective: for one year and three months, the coronavirus has taken the lives of more Bulgarians than all of World War II.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Of course, we by no means aim to diminish the tragedy of war. By this example, we seek to demonstrate that we probably fail to grasp the real human toll taken by the pandemic because it is invisible, unlike military battles and the bombs which left Sofia in ruins. The actual cost is that now each one of us knows someone who died of COVID-19<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But what is the point of saying all of this now, when the number of new cases keeps going down, and it looks insignificant compared to previous months?<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the summer of 2021 life seemed almost back to normal, and people seemed to think about the pandemic less and less often, just like the beginning of last summer. After months full of anxiety and the threat of lockdowns, in summer 2020, the situation in Bulgaria was almost normal.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It looked like we had gotten away with it, and those who had warned about the dangers of an upcoming new wave in autumn were cast aside as fearmongers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The result was that while we could have used last summer to prepare, we did not. Hospitals failed to increase their capacity by adding new beds or creating contingency plans. Then autumn came, and we got to a situation where people were dying in ambulances or on the hospital stairs while waiting for admission. There were weeks in which fatal cases exceeded the numbers typical for the same period of the year by 3,000 excess deaths. Despite all that, none of the public figures who \u201cforecasted\u201d that the pandemic would be over by summer and claimed that no special measures were necessary owned up to their mistakes. On the contrary, many of them continued to stroll through TV studios and media outlets continued to extend invitations to them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As of July 2021 we were in an almost identical situation as we were last summer \u2013 the pandemic looked like a distant memory, present mainly in news stories from other countries. In similar conditions last June, we started the rubric \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/category\/chronicles-of-the-infodemic\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronicles of the Infodemic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d. Its main goal was to counter the widespread disinformation that, sadly, had found its platform on social and traditional media as well as offline. Disinformation is one of the primary reasons Bulgaria is among the least vaccinated countries in the EU and, correspondingly<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, why it is among the nations with the highest coronavirus mortality rates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/share-people-vaccinated-covid?country=BGR~MLT~LUX~AUT~BEL~HRV~CYP~CZE~DNK~EST~FIN~FRA~DEU~GRC~HUN~IRL~ITA~LVA~LTU~NLD~POL~PRT~ROU~SVN~SVK~ESP~SWE\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"><em>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/share-people-vaccinated-covid?country=BGR~MLT~LUX~AUT~BEL~HRV~CYP~CZE~DNK~EST~FIN~FRA~DEU~GRC~HUN~IRL~ITA~LVA~LTU~NLD~POL~PRT~ROU~SVN~SVK~ESP~SWE\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our World in Data<\/span><\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/explorers\/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&amp;region=Europe&amp;pickerSort=asc&amp;pickerMetric=location&amp;hideControls=true&amp;Metric=Confirmed+deaths&amp;Interval=Cumulative&amp;Relative+to+Population=true&amp;Align+outbreaks=false&amp;country=AUT~BEL~BGR~HRV~CZE~CYP~EST~FIN~FRA~DEU~GRC~HUN~IRL~LTU~LUX~MLT~LVA~SWE~ESP~SVN~SVK~ROU~POL~NLD~ITA~DNK~PRT\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"><em>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/explorers\/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&amp;region=Europe&amp;pickerSort=asc&amp;pickerMetric=location&amp;hideControls=true&amp;Interval=Cumulative&amp;Relative+to+Population=true&amp;Align+outbreaks=false&amp;country=AUT~BEL~BGR~HRV~CZE~CYP~EST~FIN~FRA~DEU~GRC~HUN~IRL~LTU~LUX~MLT~LVA~SWE~ESP~SVN~SVK~ROU~POL~NLD~ITA~DNK~PRT&amp;Metric=Confirmed+deaths\">Our World in Data<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the European Broadcasting Union (EBC), trust in social media in Bulgaria is the highest in the entire European Union. It is the only EU member state where trust in social media is not only not shrinking, but consistently increasing on a year-by-year basis (read more on the topic in this analysis by<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/trust-in-social-media\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Konstantina Vasileva<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). Considering that social media is the perfect breeding ground for disinformation, it is not a surprise that those willing to be vaccinated are a minority.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surely, social media is not the only thing to blame. Many media outlets uncritically allow the spread of antiscientific views. An ill-conceived desire to guarantee a plurality of viewpoints makes many journalists ignore their obligations as described in the Bulgarian Media Code of Ethics:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To provide society with precise and fact-checked information without deliberately hiding or changing facts.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To refuse to publish information we know is untrue.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not to mislead the public and to clearly point out the use of manipulated texts, documents, images, and audio.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Of course, a great responsibility lies in the hands of those politicians who choose to play with people\u2019s fears already stoked by intentional disinformation. Politicians are often not brave enough to expose lies because they fear losing voters who had been misled.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to all these reasons, for more than a year, the Association of European Journalists has been making serious efforts to fight disinformation and to publish a series of articles in \u201cInfodemic Chronicles\u201d. AEJ\u2019s new portal<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/factcheck.bg\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">factcheck.bg<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is also a fact-checking hub of significant importance when it comes to health-related coverage. Though necessary, this is not enough. Bulgaria cannot afford to lose another summer and repeat last autumn\u2019s situation. In the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/truth-is-the-first-victim\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first publication<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in this series, we warned that this is a war and Truth might fall victim to it. It is, indeed, a war, judging by the number of casualties. And in wars, it\u2019s all quiet just before the storm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A number of experts have warned that because of the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.svobodnaevropa.bg\/a\/31324223.html\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delta variant<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a new wave is just around the corner and could come well before autumn. Health Minister Stoycho Katsarov<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clubz.bg\/115075-katsarov_ne_iskam_da_podkupvame_nyakoy_za_da_se_vaksinirakato_na_izborite_s_kebapcheta\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">claimed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a month ago on Nova TV that he would not like to pay people to be vaccinated or use food \u201cgiveaways as we do during elections\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhat better incentive can I possibly offer than the chance to save your own life?\u201d asked Katsarov.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In theory, the minister could be right. That would be the theory that expects people to always to make a rational, informed choice. That is not so in real life, where a range of other factors determines people\u2019s choices. One of these factors is disinformation, which might turn only a small portion of the population into hard-line anti-vaxxers yet manages to plant the seeds of doubt and fear in many people.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Convinced anti-vaxxers actively refuse to vaccinate. It is hard to change their mind \u2013 they believe the information they have confirms their beliefs. They might be vocal, but they are still a minority. Many more people are among the \u201cvaccine-hesitant\u201d. They neither actively refuse to vaccinate nor seek the get a vaccine. They tend to wait and do nothing. The state needs to create a much better-targeted campaign to get the hesitant to vaccinate. Mobile vaccination centres in more towns and cities. On-the-spot vaccination clinics close to post offices on the day retired citizens get their pensions. Travelling clinics that can vaccinate those facing accessibility issues in their own homes. Mobile teams who can visit at least half of the five thousand villages in Bulgaria. A better information campaign and different incentives similar to those in other countries: food, lottery prize draws and raffles, different types of entertainment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why can\u2019t the state help theatres, opera houses, and orchestras, who were severely hit by the crisis by buying tickets for the next season for the vaccinated? This could boost both culture and vaccination rates. It would also be beneficial for those who get vaccinated, as it will give them a chance to enjoy a stage performance or a concert. A theatre ticket costs between 8 and 20 BGN, the sum spent for the most prevalent clinical pathway for COVID-19 treatment is 1,200 BGN. In other words, by spending 8 to 20 BGN per person to incentivise vaccination, the state can save 1,200 BGN from treating that same person in the future. And the vaccinated person would be healthy and avoid the risk of a month-long recovery from long Covid (if they are lucky enough to recover at all). There have been a lot of voices in support of such incentives, most notably<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bnr.bg\/post\/101493501\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maria Sharkova<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, attorney-at-law and medical law expert, and the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mediapool.bg\/bhra-iska-kabinetat-da-otpuska-do-300-lv-podkrepa-za-da-se-uskori-vaksinatsiya-news323909.html\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bulgarian Hotel &amp; Restaurant Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, whose members would be severely affected by contingent lockdowns during any upcoming new waves.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the state keeps its current strategy, the chances of Bulgaria catching up with the rest of the EU member states, and even its neighbours Serbia and Turkey, are practically non-existent. In all probability, this could have a negative impact on the Bulgarian economy. Bulgaria could be avoided as unsafe. More lives could potentially be lost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A la guerre comme \u00e0 la guerre<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: one has to go to war with all available means, and the fight against disinformation must be fought on all fronts. AEJ is preparing a new series of articles for the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/category\/chronicles-of-the-infodemic\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronicles of the Infodemic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; as well as<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/938759843363362\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">an exhibition<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of all featured artworks and a premiere of a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/938759843363362\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">book with all published articles<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Meanwhile, at<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/factcheck.bg\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">factcheck.bg<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> we will continue to fact-check claims and misconceptions from across the information stream. However, we cannot do this alone. We need the Bulgarian state to join the effort and make this autumn better than last year\u2019s.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It is well known that numbers, no matter how high they are, do not have an emotional impact on us. We perceive them as just another statistic unless we can relate them to something we know.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1566],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chronicles-of-the-infodemic"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30614"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30614\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aej-bulgaria.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}